Functional analysis of the molecular factors controlling Qa1-mediated protection
of target cells from NK lysis
Frances Gays*, Karen P. Fraser*, Jennifer A. Toomey*, Austin G. Diamond*,
Margaret M. Millrain#, P. Julian Dyson#, and Colin
G. Brooks*
The *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Medical School,
Newcastle, and #The Transplantation Biology Unit, MRC Clinical
Sciences Centre, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom.
Figure 1. Normal blast cells express
very little Qa1 as judged by staining with the Qa1-specific mAb 4C2
Figure 2. The low levels of Qa1 expressed
on blast cells are sufficient to protect them from lysis by Qa1R+
NK cells
Figure 3. TAP-deficient T2 cells transfected
with Qa1 [T2Q cells] express extremely high levels of surface Qa1
Figure 4. Despite their very high levels
of surface Qa1 molecules, T2Q cells are not protected from lysis by Qa1R+
NK cells
Figure 5. Qa1 molecules expressed on
T2Q cells are functional as shown by their recognition by Qa1-specific
CTL
Figure 6. TAP-deficient T2Q cells, but
not TAP-deficient RMA/S cells, can be protected from lysis by Qa1R+
NK cells following pre-incubation with Qdm peptide
Figure 7. TAP-deficient RMA/S cells
express levels of Qa1 that are barely detectable with the 4C2 mAb, even
after incubation with Qdm peptide
Figure 8. T2Q cells can be protected
by Qdm peptide either by preloading or by the inclusion of peptide in the
cytotoxicity assay
Figure 9. Protection of T2Q cells by
inclusion of peptide in the cytotoxicity assay occurs at peptide concentrations
similar to or lower than those required for protection following overnight
preloading
Figure 10. Protection of T2Q cells
by exogenous Qdm peptide occurs rapidly
Figure 11. The protected state induced
by incubation of T2Q cells with Qdm peptide is highly stable
Figure 12. Approximately 20 fold higher
concentrations of Qdm peptide [and presumably of surface Qa1-Qdm complexes]
are required to protect cells from lysis by Qa1R+ NK cells than
to sensitize them to lysis by Qa1-specific CTL
Figure 13. 100-1000 fold higher concentrations
of peptide are required to sensitize RMA/S cells, compared to T2Q cells,
to lysis by CTL
Figure 14. The ability of natural and
artificial Qdm-analogue peptides to protect T2Q cells from lysis by Qa1R
+ve NK cells.