|
Operations |
Order |
Schönflies Symbol |
International Symbol |
Full Symmetry Symbol |
Correlation Table |
Irred. Rep. products |
× i |
Isomorph. with |
Cubic |
E, 4C3, 4C32, 3C2 |
12 |
T |
23 |
23 |
|
⊗ |
Th |
|
E, 8C3, 3C2, 3σv, i, 8S6 |
24 |
Th |
m3 |
 |
|
⊗ |
Th |
|
E, 6C4, 8C3, 3C2, 6C2’ |
24 |
O |
432 |
432 |
|
⊗ |
Oh |
Td |
E, 8C3, 3C2, 6S4, 6σd |
24 |
Td |
3m |
3m |
|
⊗ |
Oh |
O |
E, 8C3, 6C2, 6C4, 3C2’, i, 6S4, 8S6, 3σh, 6σd |
48 |
Oh |
m3m |
  |
|
⊗ |
Oh |
|
Tetragonal |
E, C4, C2, C43 |
4 |
C4 |
4 |
4 |
|
⊗ |
C4h |
S4 |
E, S4, C2, S43 |
4 |
S4 |
|
|
|
⊗ |
C4h |
C4 |
E, C4, C2, C43, i, S43, σh, S4 |
8 |
C4h |
4/m |
|
|
⊗ |
C4h |
|
E, 2C4, C2, 2C2’, 2C2’’ |
8 |
D4 |
422 |
422 |
|
⊗ |
D4h |
C4v, D2d |
E, 2C4, C2, 2σv, 2σd |
8 |
C4v |
4mm |
4mm |
|
⊗ |
D4h |
D4, D2d |
E, 2S4, C2, 2C2’, 2σd |
8 |
D2d(Vd) |
2m |
2m |
|
⊗ |
D4h |
D4, C4v |
E, 2C4, C2, 2C2’, 2C2’’, i, 2S4, σh, 2σv, 2σd |
16 |
D4h |
4/mmm |
  |
|
⊗ |
D4h |
|
Orthorhombic |
E, C2, C2’, C2’’ |
4 |
D2(V) |
222 |
222 |
|
⊗ |
D2h |
C2v, C2h |
E, C2, σv, σv’ |
4 |
C2v |
mm2 |
mm2 |
|
⊗ |
D2h |
D2, C2h |
E, C2, C2’, C2’’, i, σ, σ’, σ’’ |
8 |
D2h(Vh) |
mmm |
  |
|
⊗ |
D2h |
|
Rhombic symmetry for defects in cubic crystals is often divided into two types: Type I: C2 coincides with the [110] direction and C2’ and C2’’ with [001] and [1-10] directions respectively (or, σv and σv’ coincide with the planes (1-10) and (001)). Also belonging to type I are centres for which C2 coincides with [001] and σv and σv’ with (110) and (1-10). Type II: C2 axis coincides with [001] and the axes C2’ and C2’’ with [100] and [010], (or, alternatively, σv and σv’ coincide with (010) and (100)). |
Monoclinic |
E, C2 |
2 |
C2 |
2 |
2 |
|
⊗ |
C2h |
Cs, Ci |
E, σh |
2 |
Cs(C1h) |
m |
m |
|
⊗ |
C2h |
C2, Ci |
E, C2, i, σh |
4 |
C2h |
2/m |
|
|
⊗ |
C2h |
D2, C2v |
Monoclinic symmetry for defects in cubic crystals is often divided into two types: Type I: C2 coincides with <110> or σh with (110) Type II: C2 coincides with <100> or σh with (100) |
Triclinic |
E |
1 |
C1 |
1 |
1 |
|
⊗ |
Ci |
E, i |
2 |
Ci(S2) |
|
|
|
⊗ |
Ci |
Cs, C2 |
Trigonal |
E, C3, C32 |
3 |
C3 |
3 |
3 |
|
⊗ |
S6 |
|
E, C3, C32, i, S65, S6 |
6 |
S6(C3i) |
|
|
|
⊗ |
S6 |
C6, C3h |
E, 2C3, 3C2 |
6 |
D3 |
32 |
32 |
|
⊗ |
D3d |
C3v |
E, 2C3, 3σv |
6 |
C3v |
3m |
3m |
|
⊗ |
D3d |
D3 |
E, 2C3, 3C2, i, 2S6, 3σd |
12 |
D3d |
m |
 |
|
⊗ |
D3d |
C6v, D6, D3h |
Hexagonal |
E, C6, C3, C2, C32, C65 |
6 |
C6 |
6 |
6 |
|
⊗ |
C6h |
S6, C3h |
E, C3, C32, σh, S3, S32 |
6 |
C3h(S3) |
|
|
|
⊗ |
C6h |
S6, C6 |
E, C6, C3, C2, C32, C65, i, S32, S65, σh, S6, S3 |
12 |
C6h |
6/m |
|
|
⊗ |
C6h |
|
E, 2C6, 2C3, C2, 3C2’, 3C2’’ |
12 |
D6 |
622 |
622 |
|
⊗ |
D6h |
C6v, D3d, D3h |
E, 2C6, 2C3, C2, 3σv, 3σd |
12 |
C6v |
6mm |
6mm |
|
⊗ |
D6h |
D6, D3d, D3h |
E, 2C3, 3C2, σh, 2S3, 3σv |
12 |
D3h |
m2 |
m2 |
|
⊗ |
D6h |
D6, D3d, C6v |
E, 2C6, 2C5, C2, 3C2’, 3C2’’, i, 2S3, 2S6, σh, 3σd, 3σv |
24 |
D6h |
6/mmm |
  |
|
⊗ |
D6h |
|
Non-Crystallographic |
E, 2C∞φ |
∞ |
C∞ |
∞ |
- |
|
- |
C∞h |
|
E, 2C∞φ, i, 2S∞φ |
∞ |
C∞h |
∞/m |
- |
|
- |
C∞h |
|
E, 2C∞φ, ∞σv |
∞ |
C∞v |
∞m |
- |
|
- |
D∞h |
|
E, 2C∞φ, ∞σv, i, 2S∞φ, ∞C2 |
∞ |
D∞h |
∞/mm |
- |
|
- |
D∞h |
|
E, C5, C52, C53, C54 |
5 |
C5 |
5 |
- |
|
⊗ |
S10 |
|
E, S8, C4, S83, C2, S85, C43, S87 |
8 |
S8 |
- |
- |
|
⊗ |
C8h |
|
E, 2C5, 2C52, 5C2 |
10 |
D5 |
- |
- |
|
⊗ |
D5d |
C5v |
E, 2C5, 2C52, 5σv |
10 |
C5v |
- |
- |
|
⊗ |
D5d |
D5 |
E, C5, C52, C53, C54, σh, S5, S57, S53, S59 |
10 |
C5h |
- |
- |
|
⊗ |
C10h |
|
E, 2S8, 2C4, 2S83, C2, 4C2’, 4σd |
16 |
D4d |
- |
- |
|
⊗ |
D8h |
|
E, 2C5, 2C52, 5C2, i, 2S10, 2S103, 5σd |
20 |
D5d |
- |
- |
|
⊗ |
D5d |
D5h |
E, 2C5, 2C52, 5C2, σh, 2S5, 2S52, 5σd |
20 |
D5h |
- |
- |
|
⊗ |
D10h |
D5d |
E, 2S12, 2C6, 2S4, 2C3, 2S125, C2, 6C2’, 6σd |
24 |
D6d |
- |
- |
|
⊗ |
D12h |
|
E, 12C5, 12C52, 20C3, 15C2 |
60 |
I |
- |
- |
|
⊗ |
Ih |
|
E, 12C5, 12C52, 20C3, 15C2, i, 12S10, 12S103, 20S6, 15σ |
120 |
Ih |
- |
- |
|
⊗ |
Ih |
|
This table lists point group symmetries along with their symmetry operations, the order of the group (i.e. the number of symmetry operations) and common notations. links to a correlation table, and ⊗ links to tables of products of irreducible representations. The group produced by combination with inversion is listed under "× i". This, in the case of crystolographic point groups, is the Laue class which corresponds to the symmetry of reciprocal space. Isomorphic groups are also listed where character tables are available. |